Joel Edgerton was born in New South Wales, Australia. His brother is filmmaker Nash Edgerton. He started work as an actor appearing on Australian TV and also had roles in multiple theatrical plays. Edgerton's first international break came when he appeared as Uncle Owen Lars in Star Wars: Episode II - Attack of the Clones (2002).
In 2003 Edgerton was part of the all-star cast of Ned Kelly, and three years later, he appeared in the action thriller Smokin' Aces (2006). Edgerton also appeared in the remake of the horror classic The Thing (2011) and was cast as Tom Buchanan in Baz Luhrmann's The Great Gatsby (2013).
Edgerton starred in the critically acclaimed, Oscar-nominated Loving (2016) and had second billing to Jennifer Lawrence in the spy thriller Red Sparrow (2018). He appeared as The Lord in The Green Knight (2021) and reprised his role as Uncle Owen Lars for the Star Wars spin off TV series Obi-Wan Kenobi (2022).